用 shell 脚本实现 Linux 系统内存监控

"Shell Script"

Posted by MetaNetworks on January 8, 2019
本页面总访问量

用 shell 脚本实现 Linux 系统内存监控

  • 命令简述
    • free
    • df
    • top
    • Uname

shell 简介

  • PATH = `pwd`

``可以保存命令的返回值

  • 参数

$#表示参数个数,$x 表示第x个参数

argument

  • 指定参数运行

    ivh为 -i -v -h,然后可以通过do-done结构指定运行参数

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
#! /bin/bash
while getopts ivh name # getopts 有三个参数,分别执行安装,查看版本,帮助说明
do
        case $name in
          i)iopt=1;;
          v)vopt=1;;
          h)hopt=1;;
          *)echo "Invalid arg";;
        esac
done

option

  • 添加环境变量(-i 模块)

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    
    if [[ ! -z $iopt ]] #如果iopt非空则执行
    then
    {
    wd=$(pwd)
    basename "$(test -L "$0" && readlink "$0" || echo "$0")" > /tmp/scriptname
    #basename命令会删掉所有的前缀包括最后一个slash(‘/’)字符,然后将字符串显示出来
    scriptname=$(echo -e -n $wd/ && cat /tmp/scriptname)
    #scriptname就是tecmint_monitor.sh的地址
    su -c "cp $scriptname /usr/bin/monitor" root && echo "Congratulations! Script Installed, now run monitor Command" || echo "Installation failed"
    }
    fi
    
  • 提前信息设置变量

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    
    clear
      
    unset tecreset os architecture kernelrelease internalip externalip nameserver loadaverage
    # unset命令用于删除已定义的shell变量(包括环境变量)和shell函数。
    # 关于unset更多的信息可以查看http://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-comm-unset.html
    # 定义变量 tecreset
    tecreset=$(tput sgr0)
      
    # 查看是否可以连网
    ping -c 1 www.baidu.com &> /dev/null && echo -e '\E[32m'"Internet: $tecreset Connected" || echo -e '\E[32m'"Internet: $tecreset Disconnected"
    # '\E[32m' 将打印的信息设置为绿色
    # 查看系统的类型
    os=$(uname -o)
    echo -e '\E[32m'"Operating System Type :" $tecreset $os
      
    # 查看系统的版本和名称
    ###################################
    OS=`uname -s`
    REV=`uname -r`
    MACH=`uname -m`
      
    GetVersionFromFile()
    {
        VERSION=`cat $1 | tr "\n" ' ' | sed s/.*VERSION.*=\ // `
    }
    查看操作系统的类型,不同的操作系统指令是不一样的。看到大段的代码不要紧张,其实逻辑很简单。
      
      
    if [ "${OS}" = "SunOS" ] ; then
        OS=Solaris
        ARCH=`uname -p`
        OSSTR="${OS} ${REV}(${ARCH} `uname -v`)"
    # uname命令用于打印当前系统相关信息(内核版本号、硬件架构、主机名称和操作系统类型等)。
    elif [ "${OS}" = "AIX" ] ; then
        OSSTR="${OS} `oslevel` (`oslevel -r`)"
    #AIX是IBM开发的一套类UNIX操作系统,关于它更多的指令可以查看http://www.cnblogs.com/sbaicl/articles/2947795.html
    elif [ "${OS}" = "Linux" ] ; then
        KERNEL=`uname -r`
        if [ -f /etc/redhat-release ] ; then
            DIST='RedHat'
            PSUEDONAME=`cat /etc/redhat-release | sed s/.*\(// | sed s/\)//`
            REV=`cat /etc/redhat-release | sed s/.*release\ // | sed s/\ .*//`
    #sed通常用来匹配一个或多个正则表达式的文本进行处理,可以查看http://coolshell.cn/articles/9104.html
        elif [ -f /etc/SuSE-release ] ; then
            DIST=`cat /etc/SuSE-release | tr "\n" ' '| sed s/VERSION.*//`
            REV=`cat /etc/SuSE-release | tr "\n" ' ' | sed s/.*=\ //`
        elif [ -f /etc/mandrake-release ] ; then
            DIST='Mandrake'
            PSUEDONAME=`cat /etc/mandrake-release | sed s/.*\(// | sed s/\)//`
            REV=`cat /etc/mandrake-release | sed s/.*release\ // | sed s/\ .*//`
        elif [ -f /etc/debian_version ] ; then
            DIST="Debian `cat /etc/debian_version`"
            REV=""
      
        fi
        if ${OSSTR} [ -f /etc/UnitedLinux-release ] ; then
            DIST="${DIST}[`cat /etc/UnitedLinux-release | tr "\n" ' ' | sed s/VERSION.*//`]"
        fi
      
        OSSTR="${OS} ${DIST} ${REV}(${PSUEDONAME} ${KERNEL} ${MACH})"
      
    fi
    最后就是监控系统的各种信息,并打印到屏幕
      
    查看操作系统版本
    echo -e '\E[32m'"OS Version :" $tecreset $OSSTR 
    # 查看系统的类型
    architecture=$(uname -m)
    echo -e '\E[32m'"Architecture :" $tecreset $architecture
      
    # 查看内核的版本
    kernelrelease=$(uname -r)
    echo -e '\E[32m'"Kernel Release :" $tecreset $kernelrelease
      
    # 查看主机名
    echo -e '\E[32m'"Hostname :" $tecreset $HOSTNAME
      
    # 查看内网地址
    internalip=$(hostname -I)
    echo -e '\E[32m'"Internal IP :" $tecreset $internalip
      
    # 查看外网地址
    externalip=$(curl -s ipecho.net/plain;echo)
    echo -e '\E[32m'"External IP : $tecreset "$externalip
      
    # 查看DNS
    nameservers=$(cat /etc/resolv.conf | sed '1 d' | awk '{print $2}')
    echo -e '\E[32m'"Name Servers :" $tecreset $nameservers 
      
    # 查看登陆的用户
    who>/tmp/who
    echo -e '\E[32m'"Logged In users :" $tecreset && cat /tmp/who 
      
    # 查看系统内存使用情况
    free -h | grep -v + > /tmp/ramcache
    echo -e '\E[32m'"Ram Usages :" $tecreset
    cat /tmp/ramcache | grep -v "Swap"
    echo -e '\E[32m'"Swap Usages :" $tecreset
    cat /tmp/ramcache | grep -v "Mem"
      
    # 查看磁盘使用情况
    df -h| grep 'Filesystem\|/dev/sda*' > /tmp/diskusage
    echo -e '\E[32m'"Disk Usages :" $tecreset 
    cat /tmp/diskusage
      
    # 查看系统的负载情况
    loadaverage=$(top -n 1 -b | grep "load average:" | awk '{print $10 $11 $12}')
    echo -e '\E[32m'"Load Average :" $tecreset $loadaverage
      
    # 查看系统的运行时间
    tecuptime=$(uptime | awk '{print $3,$4}' | cut -f1 -d,)
    echo -e '\E[32m'"System Uptime Days/(HH:MM) :" $tecreset $tecuptime
      
    # 删除上面使用的变量,释放资源
    unset tecreset os architecture kernelrelease internalip externalip nameserver loadaverage
      
    # 删除临时文件
    rm /tmp/who /tmp/ramcache /tmp/diskusage
    }
    fi
    

Linux 监控脚本

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
#! /bin/bash
# unset any variable which system may be using
# clear the screen

while getopts ivh name
do
        case $name in
          i)iopt=1;;
          v)vopt=1;;
          h)hopt=1;;
         *)echo "Invalid arg";;
        esac
done
#
if [[ ! -z $iopt ]]
then
{
wd=$(pwd)
basename "$(test -L "$0" && readlink "$0" || echo "$0")" > /tmp/scriptname
scriptname=$(echo -e -n $wd/ && cat /tmp/scriptname)
su -c "cp $scriptname /usr/bin/monitor" root && echo "Congratulations! Script Installed, now run monitor Command" || echo "Installation failed"
}
fi

if [[ ! -z $vopt ]]
then
{
echo -e "tecmint_monitor version 0.1\nDesigned by Tecmint.com\nReleased Under Apache 2.0 License"
}
fi
if [[ ! -z $hopt ]]
then
{
echo -e " -i                                Install script"
echo -e " -v                                Print version information and exit"
echo -e " -h                                Print help (this information) and exit"
}
fi

if [[ $# -eq 0 ]]
then
{
clear

unset tecreset os architecture kernelrelease internalip externalip nameserver loadaverage

# Define Variable tecreset
tecreset=$(tput sgr0)

# Check if connected to Internet or not
ping -c 1 www.baidu.com &> /dev/null && echo -e '\E[32m'"Internet: $tecreset Connected" || echo -e '\E[32m'"Internet: $tecreset Disconnected"

# Check OS Type
os=$(uname -o)
echo -e '\E[32m'"Operating System Type :" $tecreset $os

# Check OS Release Version and Name
###################################
OS=`uname -s`
REV=`uname -r`
MACH=`uname -m`

GetVersionFromFile()
{
    VERSION=`cat $1 | tr "\n" ' ' | sed s/.*VERSION.*=\ // `
}

if [ "${OS}" = "SunOS" ] ; then
    OS=Solaris
    ARCH=`uname -p`
    OSSTR="${OS} ${REV}(${ARCH} `uname -v`)"
elif [ "${OS}" = "AIX" ] ; then
    OSSTR="${OS} `oslevel` (`oslevel -r`)"
elif [ "${OS}" = "Linux" ] ; then
    KERNEL=`uname -r`
    if [ -f /etc/redhat-release ] ; then
        DIST='RedHat'
        PSUEDONAME=`cat /etc/redhat-release | sed s/.*\(// | sed s/\)//`
        REV=`cat /etc/redhat-release | sed s/.*release\ // | sed s/\ .*//`
    elif [ -f /etc/SuSE-release ] ; then
        DIST=`cat /etc/SuSE-release | tr "\n" ' '| sed s/VERSION.*//`
        REV=`cat /etc/SuSE-release | tr "\n" ' ' | sed s/.*=\ //`
    elif [ -f /etc/mandrake-release ] ; then
        DIST='Mandrake'
        PSUEDONAME=`cat /etc/mandrake-release | sed s/.*\(// | sed s/\)//`
        REV=`cat /etc/mandrake-release | sed s/.*release\ // | sed s/\ .*//`
    elif [ -f /etc/debian_version ] ; then
        DIST="Debian `cat /etc/debian_version`"
        REV=""

    fi
    if ${OSSTR} [ -f /etc/UnitedLinux-release ] ; then
        DIST="${DIST}[`cat /etc/UnitedLinux-release | tr "\n" ' ' | sed s/VERSION.*//`]"
    fi

    OSSTR="${OS} ${DIST} ${REV}(${PSUEDONAME} ${KERNEL} ${MACH})"

fi

##################################
#cat /etc/os-release | grep 'NAME\|VERSION' | grep -v 'VERSION_ID' | grep -v 'PRETTY_NAME' > /tmp/osrelease
#echo -n -e '\E[32m'"OS Name :" $tecreset  && cat /tmp/osrelease | grep -v "VERSION" | grep -v CPE_NAME | cut -f2 -d\"
#echo -n -e '\E[32m'"OS Version :" $tecreset && cat /tmp/osrelease | grep -v "NAME" | grep -v CT_VERSION | cut -f2 -d\"
echo -e '\E[32m'"OS Version :" $tecreset $OSSTR

architecture=$(uname -m)
echo -e '\E[32m'"Architecture :" $tecreset $architecture


kernelrelease=$(uname -r)
echo -e '\E[32m'"Kernel Release :" $tecreset $kernelrelease


echo -e '\E[32m'"Hostname :" $tecreset $HOSTNAME


internalip=$(hostname -I)
echo -e '\E[32m'"Internal IP :" $tecreset $internalip


externalip=$(curl -s ipecho.net/plain;echo)
echo -e '\E[32m'"External IP : $tecreset "$externalip


nameservers=$(cat /etc/resolv.conf | sed '1 d' | awk '{print $2}')
echo -e '\E[32m'"Name Servers :" $tecreset $nameservers


who>/tmp/who
echo -e '\E[32m'"Logged In users :" $tecreset && cat /tmp/who


free -h | grep -v + > /tmp/ramcache
echo -e '\E[32m'"Ram Usages :" $tecreset
cat /tmp/ramcache | grep -v "Swap"
echo -e '\E[32m'"Swap Usages :" $tecreset
cat /tmp/ramcache | grep -v "Mem"


df -h| grep 'Filesystem\|/dev/sda*' > /tmp/diskusage
echo -e '\E[32m'"Disk Usages :" $tecreset
cat /tmp/diskusage


loadaverage=$(top -n 1 -b | grep "load average:" | awk '{print $10 $11 $12}')
echo -e '\E[32m'"Load Average :" $tecreset $loadaverage


tecuptime=$(uptime | awk '{print $3,$4}' | cut -f1 -d,)
echo -e '\E[32m'"System Uptime Days/(HH:MM) :" $tecreset $tecuptime


unset tecreset os architecture kernelrelease internalip externalip nameserver loadaverage

rm /tmp/who /tmp/ramcache /tmp/diskusage
}
fi
shift $(($OPTIND -1))
# shift命令用于对参数的移动(左移)。可以查看http://blog.csdn.net/zhu_xun/article/details/24796235
#